Sources
PepAI's guides draw on regulators, FDA-approved prescribing information, clinical society standards, and peer-reviewed research. The organizations below are the primary authorities we cite.
Regulators
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
The U.S. agency that approves and monitors GLP-1 medications, publishes labeling, and tracks adverse events.
European Medicines Agency
The EU regulator responsible for centralized approval of GLP-1 drugs sold across the European Economic Area.
Health Canada: Drug Product Database
Canada's federal database of authorized drug products, including all approved GLP-1 medications and their prescribing details.
UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
The UK's medicines regulator responsible for safety updates and supply notices on Wegovy, Ozempic, Mounjaro, and Zepbound.
NICE: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
The UK body that publishes treatment guidance for clinicians, including who is eligible for GLP-1s on the NHS.
Prescribing information
Wegovy® Prescribing Information
Novo Nordisk's FDA-approved label for semaglutide 2.4 mg, the authoritative source for dosing, titration, and warnings.
Ozempic® Prescribing Information
Novo Nordisk's FDA-approved label for semaglutide 0.25–2.0 mg used in type 2 diabetes.
Rybelsus® Prescribing Information
Novo Nordisk's FDA-approved label for oral semaglutide tablets.
Mounjaro® Prescribing Information
Eli Lilly's FDA-approved label for tirzepatide used in type 2 diabetes.
Zepbound® Prescribing Information
Eli Lilly's FDA-approved label for tirzepatide indicated for chronic weight management.
Clinical organizations
Mayo Clinic
An academic medical center publishing plain-language clinical guidance on GLP-1 medications, side effects, and diabetes care.
Cleveland Clinic
A nonprofit academic medical center with patient-facing articles covering semaglutide, tirzepatide, and weight management.
American Diabetes Association: Standards of Care
The ADA's annually updated treatment standards for diabetes, including consensus positioning of GLP-1 receptor agonists.
Endocrine Society
The leading clinical society for endocrinology, publishing peer-reviewed guidelines on obesity pharmacotherapy.
The Obesity Society
A scientific society dedicated to obesity research and treatment, including clinical guidance on anti-obesity medications.
Research & literature
PubMed
The U.S. National Library of Medicine's open biomedical literature database where most GLP-1 and peptide clinical trials are indexed.
ClinicalTrials.gov
The NIH registry of all U.S. and international clinical trials, useful for tracking SURMOUNT, STEP, SELECT, and successor studies.
Cochrane Library
An international network producing systematic reviews on the comparative effectiveness of obesity and diabetes treatments.
Compounding & pharmacy
U.S. Pharmacopeia
Sets the official quality and safety standards for compounded preparations, including injectable semaglutide and tirzepatide.
FDA Compounding Resources
The FDA's central hub on compounding rules under sections 503A and 503B and active shortage and removal notices.
National Association of Boards of Pharmacy
An association of state pharmacy boards that accredits compounding pharmacies and publishes safety guidance.
A note on independence
PepAI takes no pharma sponsorships, no brand promotion fees, and no paid placements. The sources above are publicly available and independent of us. We cite them, not the other way around. PepAI is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Novo Nordisk A/S or Eli Lilly and Company. Wegovy®, Ozempic®, and Rybelsus® are registered trademarks of Novo Nordisk A/S. Mounjaro® and Zepbound® are registered trademarks of Eli Lilly and Company.
See a source that should be on this list, or one that's out of date? Email support@optimalapps.ca.